NIS - Network Information Service
==================================

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        **What is NIS?**

        NIS stands for Network Information Service. It is a client-server directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration data such as user and host names between computers on a network.

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        **Why is NIS useful?**

        * Centralizes authentication and configuration management across multiple systems.
        * Reduces redundancy by storing user accounts, groups, and host information in one location.
        * Simplifies administration in networks with many Unix/Linux systems.
        * Allows users to log into any system on the network with the same credentials.

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        **How it works?**

        * The NIS server (also called a master server) maintains a database of configuration files (maps).
        * NIS clients query the server for information such as user IDs, passwords, or hostnames.
        * A binding process connects clients to an available NIS server (master or slave).
        * Changes made on the master server can be propagated to slave servers.

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        **Where is NIS used?**

        * In Unix and Linux-based networks, especially legacy environments.
        * Educational institutions, research labs, or enterprises with centralized system management.
        * Environments that predate LDAP or where LDAP is not required.

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        **Which OSI layer does this protocol belong to?**

        * NIS operates at the Application Layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model.
        * It uses RPC (Remote Procedure Call), which also functions at the application layer.

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        **IS NIS Windows specific?**

        * No, NIS is not Windows-specific.
        * It was originally developed by Sun Microsystems for Unix systems and is not natively supported on Windows.

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        **IS NIS Linux Specific?**

        * No, NIS is not Linux-specific, but it is widely supported and used on Linux and Unix systems.
        * Both client and server implementations exist for Linux distributions.

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        **Which Transport Protocol is used by NIS?**

        * NIS uses **UDP** and **TCP** as its transport protocols.
        * It primarily relies on **RPC (Remote Procedure Call)**, which can operate over both UDP and TCP.

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        **Which Port is used by NIS?**

        * NIS typically uses **port 111** for the portmapper (RPCbind).
        * The actual NIS services may use dynamic ports assigned by the portmapper.
        * `ypserv` and `ypbind` services communicate over these dynamically assigned ports.

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        **Is NIS using Client server model?**

        * Yes, NIS uses a client-server model.
        * The NIS server holds the directory data, while clients request and retrieve information from the server.

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        Topics in this section,

                * :ref:`Learnings in this section <NIS_step1>`

                * :ref:`Terminology <NIS_step2>`

                * :ref:`Version Info <NIS_step3>`

                * :ref:`NIS Version&IEEE Details <NIS_step5>`

                * :ref:`NIS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <NIS_step18>`

                * :ref:`NIS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 <NIS_step19>`

                * :ref:`NIS Protocol Packet Details <NIS_step6>`

                * :ref:`NIS Usecases <NIS_step7>`

                * :ref:`NIS Basic Features <NIS_step8>`
                    
                * :ref:`Reference links <NIS_step17>`


.. _NIS_step1:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section

        * In this section, you are going to learn

.. _NIS_step2:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Terminology
        
       * Terminology


.. _NIS_step3:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Version Info
    
         * Version Info


.. _NIS_step5:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: NIS Version&RFC Details

        * rfc details

.. _NIS_step18:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: NIS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4

       * setup

.. _NIS_step19:

.. tab-set::
  
   .. tab-item:: NIS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6

     * setup
       
.. _NIS_step6:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: NIS Protocol Packet Details

        * packet details
       


.. _NIS_step7:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: NIS Usecases

       * usecases
        
        

.. _NIS_step8:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: NIS Basic Features
    
        * features 



.. _NIS_step17:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Reference links
     
       * Reference links