Zigbee ========== .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is Zigbee?** Zigbee is a **low-power, wireless communication protocol** designed for **short-range** communication between devices. It is based on the **IEEE 802.15.4 standard** and is widely used in **IoT**, **home automation**, and **industrial control** systems. Zigbee supports **mesh networking** and is optimized for **low data rates** and **low power consumption**. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Why is Zigbee useful?** * Enables **low-power, battery-efficient** communication. * Supports **mesh networking** for extended range and reliability. * Designed for **low-data-rate** applications like sensors and controls. * Facilitates **interoperability** through standardized application profiles (e.g., Zigbee Home Automation). * Ideal for **scalable networks** with many connected devices. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How it works?** * Zigbee uses **IEEE 802.15.4** at the physical and MAC layers. * Devices are organized in a **mesh topology** with coordinators, routers, and end devices. * The **Zigbee Coordinator** initializes and manages the network. * Data is routed through intermediate devices, improving range and fault tolerance. * Zigbee defines its own **network and application layers**, separate from IP-based protocols. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Where is Zigbee used?** * **Smart homes** (lights, locks, thermostats, motion sensors). * **Industrial automation** (machine monitoring, control systems). * **Smart agriculture** (environmental sensors). * **Healthcare** (patient monitoring). * **Retail and commercial buildings** (energy monitoring, security). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which OSI layer does this protocol belong to?** * Zigbee spans multiple layers of the OSI model: * **Layer 1 (Physical)** and **Layer 2 (Data Link)**: IEEE 802.15.4. * **Layer 3 (Network)**: Zigbee's own routing and addressing. * **Layer 7 (Application)**: Zigbee profiles and device communication. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **IS Zigbee Windows specific?** * No, Zigbee is **not Windows-specific**. * It is used on embedded devices and microcontrollers. * Windows can be used to monitor or control Zigbee devices via a Zigbee hub or USB dongle, but it does not natively implement the Zigbee stack. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **IS Zigbee Linux Specific?** * No, Zigbee is **not Linux-specific**. * Linux is commonly used in **Zigbee coordinators**, **gateways**, or **home automation hubs** (e.g., Home Assistant, OpenHAB). * End devices typically run on **RTOS** or **bare-metal firmware**. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Transport Protocol is used by Zigbee?** * Zigbee does **not use IP-based transport protocols** like TCP or UDP. * It defines its own **transport layer** within the Zigbee stack. * Communication is handled over **IEEE 802.15.4** frames and Zigbee's own data delivery mechanisms. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Port is used by Zigbee?** * Zigbee does **not use traditional IP ports**. * It communicates over the **2.4 GHz ISM band** (globally), and also **868 MHz** (EU) or **915 MHz** (US) for some regional variants. * Channels are defined within the **IEEE 802.15.4** standard, not by port numbers. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is Zigbee using Client server model?** * Zigbee can implement **client-server communication** at the application layer (e.g., light bulb as server, switch as client). * However, the **network itself is peer-to-peer** in a **mesh topology**. * Roles depend on the application profile and device type. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section ` * :ref:`Terminology ` * :ref:`Version Info ` * :ref:`Zigbee Version&IEEE Details ` * :ref:`Zigbee Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 ` * :ref:`Zigbee Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 ` * :ref:`Zigbee Protocol Packet Details ` * :ref:`Zigbee Usecases ` * :ref:`Zigbee Basic Features ` * :ref:`Reference links ` .. _Zigbee_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _Zigbee_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _Zigbee_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _Zigbee_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Version&RFC Details * rfc details .. _Zigbee_step18: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * setup .. _Zigbee_step19: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * setup .. _Zigbee_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Protocol Packet Details * packet details .. _Zigbee_step7: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Usecases * usecases .. _Zigbee_step8: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Zigbee Basic Features * features .. _Zigbee_step17: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links