UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommmunications System (3G) ========================================================= .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is UMTS?** * UMTS is a third-generation (3G) mobile cellular system based on the GSM standard. It provides higher data rates and supports voice, video, and data services using WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) as its radio access technology. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Why is UMTS useful?** * UMTS brought significant improvements over GSM, including: * Higher data speeds – Up to several Mbps with HSPA/HSPA+. * Multimedia support – Enables video calling, mobile TV, and rich internet access. * Global roaming – Seamless service across countries and networks. * Backward compatibility – Works with GSM networks for fallback. * Efficient spectrum use – Through WCDMA and dynamic resource allocation. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How it works?** * UE Registration – The mobile device connects to the UMTS network and authenticates. * Call/Data Session Setup – RNC and MSC/SGSN manage signaling and bearer setup. * Data Transmission – Voice and data are transmitted over the Uu interface using WCDMA. * Session Management – The network handles mobility, handovers, and QoS. * Session Termination – Resources are released when the session ends. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Where is UMTS used?** * 3G mobile networks – For voice, SMS, and mobile internet. * Fallback for LTE/5G – When newer networks are unavailable. * IoT and M2M – In regions where 3G is still active. * Video calling and streaming – In early mobile multimedia services. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which OSI layer does UMTS belong to?** * UMTS spans multiple OSI layers, but its core signaling and control functions are implemented at the Network Layer (Layer 3). Here's why: * Message Routing: UMTS uses RRC (Radio Resource Control), RANAP, and GTP for signaling and bearer control, which are Layer 3 functions. * Mobility and Session Management: Protocols like MM (Mobility Management) and SM (Session Management) operate at Layer 3. * Reliable Transport: While RLC and MAC (Layer 2) ensure reliable delivery, the core logic of UMTS signaling resides in Layer 3. * Protocol Stack: UMTS includes a layered architecture (PHY, MAC, RLC, RRC, NAS) that maps to OSI Layers 1–3, with Layer 3 being central for signaling and control. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is UMTS Windows specific?** No, UMTS is not Windows specific. It is a 3G mobile cellular technology standard used worldwide, independent of desktop operating systems. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is UMTS Linux specific?** No, UMTS is not Linux specific. UMTS network components and user devices operate on various platforms, including embedded systems, and are not tied to Linux or any specific OS. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Transport Protocol is used by UMTS?** UMTS signaling uses protocols such as **RANAP** over **SCTP** in the core network. User data is typically carried over **GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol)** on UDP. Other protocols like TCP and UDP are also used depending on the interface. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Port is used by UMTS?** Common ports related to UMTS include: - **UDP port 2152** for GTP-U (user plane) - **UDP port 2123** for GTP-C (control plane) - Ports for SCTP depend on network configuration, typically in the range of **36412** or others for signaling. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is UMTS using Client server model?** UMTS uses a **network architecture model** with distributed components like NodeBs, RNCs, and core network elements. While some interactions resemble client-server communication (e.g., mobile device requests services), UMTS is primarily a complex cellular network system rather than a pure client-server model. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section ` * :ref:`Terminology ` * :ref:`Version Info ` * :ref:`UMTS Version&RFC Details ` * :ref:`UMTS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 ` * :ref:`UMTS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 ` * :ref:`UMTS Protocol Packet Details ` * :ref:`UMTS Usecases ` * :ref:`UMTS Basic Features ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : High Data Rates ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : WCDMA Technology ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Packet-Switched and Circuit-Switched ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Global Roaming ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Multimedia Services ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : QoS Support ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Backward Compatibility ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Handover Support ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Security Features ` * :ref:`UMTS Feature : Efficient Spectrum Use ` * :ref:`Reference links ` .. _UMTS_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _UMTS_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _UMTS_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _UMTS_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Version&RFC Details .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_rfc_details.csv :widths: 10,10,10,30 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step20: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * Setup .. _UMTS_step21: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * Setup .. _UMTS_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Protocol Packet Details **RRC Connection Request Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet1_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **RRC Connection Setup Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet2_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **RRC Connection Complete Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet3_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **NAS Attach Request Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet4_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **RANAP Initial UE Message Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet5_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **GTP-C Create PDP Context Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet6_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **GTP-U Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet7_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **NAS Attach Accept Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet8_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 **NAS Attach Complete Packet** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_packet9_details.csv :widths: 10,20,30,10 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step7: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Usecases .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_usecases.csv :widths: 10,20,30 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step8: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Basic Features .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_features.csv :widths: 10,10,30 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step9: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : High Data Rates **High Data Rates - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature1_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step10: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : WCDMA Technology **WCDMA Technology - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature2_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step11: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Packet-Switched and Circuit-Switched **Packet-Switched and Circuit-Switched - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature3_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step12: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Global Roaming **Global Roaming - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature4_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step13: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Multimedia Services **Multimedia Services - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature5_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step14: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : QoS Support **QoS Support - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature6_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step15: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Backward Compatibility **Backward Compatibility - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature7_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step16: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Handover Support **Handover Support - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature8_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step17: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Security Features **Security Features - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature9_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step18: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: UMTS Feature : Efficient Spectrum Use **Efficient Spectrum Use - Testcases** .. csv-table:: :file: ./UMTS/umts_feature10_test_cases.csv :widths: 10,10,30,20 :header-rows: 1 .. _UMTS_step19: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links