PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol ================================== .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is PPP?** PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a data link layer protocol used to establish direct connections between two nodes. It is commonly used for dial-up Internet connections, broadband connections, and virtual private networks (VPNs). PPP encapsulates network layer protocol information, such as IP, to be transmitted over a serial link. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Why is PPP useful?** * Provides a standard method for establishing and maintaining a direct connection between two nodes. * Supports multiple network layer protocols (like IP, IPX, AppleTalk) over the same link. * Offers features like authentication, encryption, and compression, which enhance security and performance. * Used in dial-up connections, DSL, and VPNs. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How it works?** * PPP operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) and encapsulates network layer protocols. * It establishes a direct connection between two devices, typically over serial connections like dial-up or point-to-point links. * PPP includes an optional authentication phase (using protocols like PAP or CHAP), data compression, and encryption for secure communication. * The PPP frame consists of a header, data, and trailer, ensuring correct packet delivery. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Where is PPP used?** * PPP is used in dial-up Internet connections, where the connection is made over a phone line. * It is used in broadband connections like DSL for establishing a point-to-point connection between a user and the Internet service provider (ISP). * PPP is commonly used in VPNs to securely transmit data over public networks like the Internet. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which OSI layer does this protocol belong to?** * PPP operates at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model. * It provides the encapsulation needed to transmit network layer packets over a point-to-point connection. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is PPP Windows specific?** * No, PPP is not Windows-specific. * PPP is a widely used protocol supported across various operating systems, including Windows, Linux, macOS, and others. * It is commonly used in network devices, routers, and modem connections. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is PPP Linux specific?** * No, PPP is not Linux-specific. * PPP is supported on Linux, but it is also supported by other operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and embedded systems. * Linux systems typically use PPP for dial-up or VPN connections and have built-in utilities like `pppd` for managing PPP connections. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Transport Protocol is used by PPP?** * PPP operates at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) and does not use a specific transport protocol. * However, it can encapsulate different network layer protocols (such as IP, IPX, and others) which are then transported using the appropriate Layer 3 protocol. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which Port is used by PPP?** * PPP itself does not use specific transport layer ports since it works at the Data Link Layer. * PPP encapsulates various network protocols (like IP) and thus relies on the transport layer protocols of the encapsulated packets (e.g., TCP or UDP). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is PPP using Client-server model?** * PPP can be used in a client-server model, especially in scenarios like dial-up connections or VPNs. * In the client-server model, the client (typically the user device or computer) requests a PPP connection, and the server (ISP or VPN server) authenticates and establishes the connection. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section ` * :ref:`Terminology ` * :ref:`Version Info ` * :ref:`PPP Version&IEEE Details ` * :ref:`PPP Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 ` * :ref:`PPP Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 ` * :ref:`PPP Protocol Packet Details ` * :ref:`PPP Usecases ` * :ref:`PPP Basic Features ` * :ref:`Reference links ` .. _PPP_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _PPP_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _PPP_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _PPP_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Version&RFC Details * rfc details .. _PPP_step18: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * setup .. _PPP_step19: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * setup .. _PPP_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Protocol Packet Details * packet details .. _PPP_step7: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Usecases * usecases .. _PPP_step8: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: PPP Basic Features * features .. _PPP_step17: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links