Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an protocol
=====================================================


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        **What is the power saving mechanism in IEEE 802.11an?**

        It is a set of techniques that allow devices to reduce power consumption by entering low-power states.

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        **How does the Power Save Mode (PSM) work in 802.11an?**

        Clients enter a sleep state and wake periodically to receive buffered data from the access point.

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        **What role does the Access Point (AP) play in power saving?**

        The AP buffers frames for sleeping clients and signals their presence in beacon frames.

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        **What is a Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM)?**

        A special beacon interval signaling clients about buffered multicast and broadcast data.

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        **How does 802.11an improve battery life with power saving?**

        By reducing the time a client’s radio is active, minimizing unnecessary transmissions and receptions.

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        **Can devices in 802.11an wake up on demand?**

        Yes, clients can send PS-Poll frames to request data when awake.

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        **What is the role of TIM (Traffic Indication Map) in power saving?**

        TIM indicates which clients have buffered unicast data waiting at the AP.

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        **Does 802.11an support automatic power saving coordination?**

        Yes, it coordinates sleep schedules between AP and clients to optimize power efficiency.

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        **How do power saving mechanisms affect network latency?**

        There can be slight delays as clients wake up to receive buffered data, trading latency for power savings.

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        **Is power saving supported for multicast and broadcast traffic in 802.11an?**

        Yes, multicast and broadcast frames are buffered and transmitted during DTIM intervals.

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        **How does 802.11an power saving compare to 802.11a?**

        802.11an inherits similar power save mechanisms but with enhanced efficiency due to advanced PHY features.

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        **Can power saving be disabled on 802.11an devices?**

        Yes, devices and APs can disable power saving if low latency is prioritized over power efficiency.

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        **What signaling is used to indicate power save status?**

        Power Management bit in the Frame Control field indicates if a station is in power save mode.

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        **Does 802.11an support advanced power saving for IoT devices?**

        While primarily for WLAN clients, its power save features can benefit low-power IoT devices.

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        **How do timing intervals like beacon and DTIM periods affect power saving?**

        Longer intervals increase power saving but may increase latency in receiving buffered data.

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        **What is the relationship between power saving and throughput?**

        Power saving can reduce throughput due to sleep cycles but extends device battery life.

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        **Can power saving be optimized based on application requirements?**

        Yes, devices and networks can adjust power saving parameters for balance between performance and energy use.

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        **How do retransmissions impact power saving?**

        Retransmissions can increase active radio time, reducing power saving effectiveness.

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        **Are there enhancements to power saving in later Wi-Fi standards beyond 802.11an?**

        Yes, newer standards like 802.11ax introduce Target Wake Time (TWT) and other advanced mechanisms for better power efficiency.


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        Topics in this section,

                * :ref:`Learnings in this section <power_save_step1>`

                * :ref:`Terminology <power_save_step2>`

                * :ref:`Version Info <power_save_step3>`

                * :ref:`power_save Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <power_save_step18>`

                * :ref:`Reference links <power_save_step17>`

.. _power_save_step1:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section

        * In this section, you are going to learn

.. _power_save_step2:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Terminology
        
       * Terminology


.. _power_save_step3:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Version Info
    
         * Version Info


.. _power_save_step18:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: power_save Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4

       * setup


.. _power_save_step17:

.. tab-set::

    .. tab-item:: Reference links
     
       * Reference links