802.11ay - Basics ======================= .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is IEEE 802.11ay?** IEEE 802.11ay is a wireless networking standard designed to extend the capabilities of 802.11ad by increasing throughput and range in the 60 GHz frequency band. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **When was 802.11ay finalized?** The standard was ratified in 2021. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What frequency band does 802.11ay use?** It operates exclusively in the 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What maximum data rates does 802.11ay support?** It supports data rates up to 176 Gbps using channel bonding and multiple spatial streams. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11ay improve upon 802.11ad?** By enabling channel bonding of up to four 2.16 GHz channels and supporting up to eight MIMO streams, it increases throughput and range. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11ay backward compatible?** Yes, it is backward compatible with devices supporting 802.11ad. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is channel bonding in 802.11ay?** Channel bonding combines multiple adjacent 2.16 GHz channels into a single wider channel to increase throughput. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What applications benefit from 802.11ay?** High-speed wireless data transfer, VR/AR streaming, wireless docking stations, and wireless backhaul networks. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the typical range of 802.11ay?** Up to 300 meters under optimal conditions, which is longer than 802.11ad’s typical range. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11ay support MIMO?** Yes, it supports up to eight MIMO spatial streams. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which OSI layers does 802.11ay operate on?** It operates primarily at the Physical Layer (Layer 1) and Data Link Layer (Layer 2). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11ay suitable for indoor and outdoor use?** It is primarily designed for short-range, high-speed indoor use but can also be used outdoors with line-of-sight. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What modulation schemes does 802.11ay use?** It uses advanced modulation techniques such as BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, and 256-QAM. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11ay require line-of-sight (LOS)?** While it performs best with LOS, beamforming allows it to function with some non-LOS scenarios. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is beamforming in 802.11ay?** Beamforming directs the wireless signal toward the receiving device to improve signal strength and quality. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11ay handle interference?** Operating in the 60 GHz band, it experiences less interference than lower-frequency Wi-Fi but is more sensitive to obstacles. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11ay widely adopted?** It is gaining traction for niche applications requiring ultra-high throughput and low latency. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Where can I find the official 802.11ay specifications?** The IEEE Standards Association provides the full official documentation. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section <802_11ay_step1>` * :ref:`Terminology <802_11ay_step2>` * :ref:`Version Info <802_11ay_step3>` * :ref:`802_11ay Version&IEEE Details <802_11ay_step4>` * :ref:`802_11ay Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <802_11ay_step5>` * :ref:`802_11ay Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 <802_11ay_step6>` * :ref:`802_11ay List of MAC features <802_11ay_step7>` * :ref:`802_11ay Medium Access Functions and their inner working <802_11ay_step8>` * :ref:`802_11ay Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11an <802_11ay_step9>` * :ref:`802_11ay List of Physical Features <802_11ay_step10>` * :ref:`802_11ay Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an <802_11ay_step11>` * :ref:`802_11ay Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an <802_11ay_step12>` * :ref:`802_11ay End-User Products that support 802.11an <802_11ay_step13>` * :ref:`802_11ay Protocol Packet Details <802_11ay_step14>` * :ref:`802_11ay Basic Features <802_11ay_step15>` * :ref:`Reference links <802_11ay_step16>` .. _802_11ay_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _802_11ay_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _802_11ay_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _802_11ay_step4: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an Version&RFC Details * rfc details .. _802_11ay_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * setup .. _802_11ay_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * setup .. _802_11ay_step7: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an List of MAC features * mac features .. _802_11ay_step8: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an Medium Access Functions and their inner working * Medium Access Functions and their inner working .. _802_11ay_step9: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11an * Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11an .. _802_11ay_step10: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11an List of Physical Features * List of Physical Features .. _802_11ay_step11: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an * Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an .. _802_11ay_step12: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an * Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11an .. _802_11ay_step13: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: End-User Products that support 802.11an * End-User Products that support 802.11an .. _802_11ay_step14: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Protocol Packet Details in 802.11an * Protocol Packet Details .. _802_11ay_step15: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Basic Features * Basic Features .. _802_11ay_step16: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links