802.11n =========== .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is IEEE 802.11n?** IEEE 802.11n is a Wi-Fi standard that improves wireless network speed, range, and reliability by introducing MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology and channel bonding. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **When was 802.11n ratified?** The IEEE finalized and ratified 802.11n in October 2009. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What are the key features of 802.11n?** Key features include MIMO, channel bonding (40 MHz), frame aggregation, and improved data rates up to 600 Mbps. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What frequency bands does 802.11n use?** 802.11n operates on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands (dual-band support). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is MIMO in 802.11n?** MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) uses multiple antennas for transmitting and receiving data, increasing throughput and range. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the maximum theoretical speed of 802.11n?** Up to 600 Mbps using four spatial streams and 40 MHz channels. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11n backward compatible?** Yes, it is backward compatible with 802.11a/b/g networks. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is channel bonding in 802.11n?** Channel bonding combines two adjacent 20 MHz channels into a single 40 MHz channel to double the bandwidth. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What are spatial streams in 802.11n?** Spatial streams refer to the number of independent data streams transmitted simultaneously, increasing throughput. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11n require new hardware?** Yes, devices must support 802.11n hardware to take full advantage of its features like MIMO and channel bonding. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is frame aggregation in 802.11n?** Frame aggregation combines multiple frames into one to reduce overhead and improve efficiency. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11n suitable for streaming and gaming?** Yes, 802.11n offers sufficient bandwidth and lower latency suitable for HD streaming and online gaming. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the range of 802.11n Wi-Fi?** 802.11n typically offers up to 70 meters (230 feet) indoors and more than 200 meters (656 feet) outdoors, depending on conditions and hardware. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Can 802.11n use both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz simultaneously?** Yes, dual-band devices can operate on both bands, but actual usage depends on the device and router configuration. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11n support beamforming?** Basic beamforming is supported in 802.11n, but more advanced and standardized beamforming came with 802.11ac. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which OSI layer does 802.11n operate at?** 802.11n operates at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer), specifically in the MAC and PHY sublayers. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11n secure?** 802.11n supports modern security protocols like WPA2. Security depends more on configuration and protocol choice than on the standard itself. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11n obsolete?** While newer standards like 802.11ac and 802.11ax are preferred today, 802.11n is still widely supported and used in many networks. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What devices support 802.11n?** Most modern routers, laptops, smartphones, smart TVs, and IoT devices from 2010 onwards support 802.11n. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Where can I find the official 802.11n specification?** The IEEE 802.11n-2009 amendment is available on the [IEEE Standards Store](https://standards.ieee.org), and its features are integrated into the IEEE 802.11-2012 base standard. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section <802_11n_step1>` * :ref:`Terminology <802_11n_step2>` * :ref:`Version Info <802_11n_step3>` * :ref:`802_11n Version&IEEE Details <802_11n_step4>` * :ref:`802_11n Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <802_11n_step5>` * :ref:`802_11n Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 <802_11n_step6>` * :ref:`802_11n List of MAC features <802_11n_step7>` * :ref:`802_11n Medium Access Functions and their inner working <802_11n_step8>` * :ref:`802_11n Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11n <802_11n_step9>` * :ref:`802_11n List of Physical Features <802_11n_step10>` * :ref:`802_11n Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n <802_11n_step11>` * :ref:`802_11n Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n <802_11n_step12>` * :ref:`802_11n End-User Products that support 802.11n <802_11n_step13>` * :ref:`802_11n Protocol Packet Details <802_11n_step14>` * :ref:`802_11n Basic Features <802_11n_step15>` * :ref:`Reference links <802_11n_step16>` .. _802_11n_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _802_11n_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _802_11n_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _802_11n_step4: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n Version&RFC Details * rfc details .. _802_11n_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * setup .. _802_11n_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * setup .. _802_11n_step7: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n List of MAC features * mac features .. _802_11n_step8: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n Medium Access Functions and their inner working * Medium Access Functions and their inner working .. _802_11n_step9: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11n * Supported Frequency Bands in 802.11n .. _802_11n_step10: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11n List of Physical Features * List of Physical Features .. _802_11n_step11: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n * Power Saving Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n .. _802_11n_step12: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n * Interoperability Mechanisms in IEEE 802.11n .. _802_11n_step13: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: End-User Products that support 802.11n * End-User Products that support 802.11n .. _802_11n_step14: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Protocol Packet Details in 802.11n * Protocol Packet Details .. _802_11n_step15: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Basic Features * Basic Features .. _802_11n_step16: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links