Stream Oriented

What is Stream-Oriented communication?

Stream-oriented communication refers to the continuous flow of data between two endpoints, where data is delivered as a steady, ordered stream rather than discrete packets.

Why is Stream-Oriented communication useful?

It allows applications to transmit large amounts of data seamlessly and ensures that data arrives in the correct order, which is essential for real-time and interactive applications.

How does Stream-Oriented communication work?

Protocols like TCP establish a connection that provides a reliable byte stream between sender and receiver, handling segmentation and reassembly transparently to the application.

Where is Stream-Oriented communication used?

It is used in applications such as web browsing (HTTP), file transfers (FTP), and remote login (SSH), where reliable ordered data delivery is critical.

Which OSI layer does Stream-Oriented communication belong to?

Stream-oriented communication is managed at the Transport Layer (Layer 4) of the OSI model.

Is Stream-Oriented communication Windows specific?

No, stream-oriented protocols like TCP are implemented across all major operating systems including Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Is Stream-Oriented communication Linux specific?

No, Linux supports stream-oriented protocols as part of its standard TCP/IP stack.

Which Transport Protocol uses Stream-Oriented communication?

The primary stream-oriented transport protocol is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).

Is Stream-Oriented communication using client-server model?

Yes, stream-oriented communication is widely used in client-server models where a continuous and reliable data exchange is necessary.

Topics in this section,

  • In this section, you are going to learn

  • Terminology

  • Version Info

  • setup

Stream Oriented - Testcases

S.No

Test Case

Description

Expected Result

1

Continuous Data Flow

Send continuous stream

Data received in order

2

Byte Order Preservation

Check byte sequence

Bytes received in same order

3

No Message Boundaries

Send multiple messages

Messages merged as stream

4

Fragmented Transmission

Send data in fragments

Reassembled correctly

5

Large Stream

Send large data stream

Entire stream received

6

Small Stream

Send small data stream

Data received correctly

7

Stream with Delay

Introduce delay in stream

Stream resumes correctly

8

Stream with Pause

Pause and resume stream

No data loss

9

Stream with Retransmission

Simulate packet loss

Retransmission successful

10

Stream with ACK

Verify ACK for stream

ACKs received correctly

11

Stream with Windowing

Use TCP windowing

Flow controlled properly

12

Stream with Congestion

Simulate congestion

Stream slows down

13

Stream with Flow Control

Receiver limits flow

Sender adjusts rate

14

Stream with Buffer Overflow

Overflow receiver buffer

Error or flow control triggered

15

Stream with Buffer Underflow

Receiver reads too fast

Stream handled correctly

16

Stream with Timeout

Timeout during stream

Retransmission triggered

17

Stream with Keep-Alive

Maintain idle stream

Connection stays alive

18

Stream with Termination

Gracefully close stream

FIN-ACK exchanged

19

Stream with RST

Abruptly close stream

Connection reset

20

Stream with Multiple Clients

Multiple streams to server

Streams handled independently

21

Stream with Multiple Servers

Client connects to multiple servers

Streams managed separately

22

Stream with Encryption

Encrypt stream data

Data decrypted correctly

23

Stream with Compression

Compress stream data

Data decompressed correctly

24

Stream with Authentication

Authenticate before stream

Stream starts after auth

25

Stream with NAT

Stream through NAT

Data flows correctly

26

Stream with Proxy

Stream through proxy

Proxy forwards stream correctly

27

Stream with VPN

Stream over VPN

Secure stream maintained

28

Stream with Packet Reordering

Reorder packets

Stream reassembled correctly

29

Stream with Packet Duplication

Duplicate packets

Duplicates discarded

30

Stream with Packet Loss

Drop packets

Retransmission successful

31

Stream with Jitter

Vary packet timing

Stream integrity maintained

32

Stream with Latency

High latency environment

Stream adapts

33

Stream with Bandwidth Limit

Limit bandwidth

Stream throttled

34

Stream with QoS

Apply QoS rules

Priority maintained

35

Stream with Logging

Log stream activity

Logs generated

36

Stream with Monitoring

Monitor stream health

Metrics collected

37

Stream with Metrics

Measure throughput

Metrics accurate

38

Stream with Alerts

Alert on stream failure

Alert triggered

39

Stream with Recovery

Recover from failure

Stream resumes

40

Stream with Retry

Retry failed stream

Retry successful

41

Stream with Redundancy

Use redundant paths

Stream continues on backup

42

Stream with Load Balancer

Distribute stream load

Balanced correctly

43

Stream with Firewall

Stream through firewall

Allowed or blocked as configured

44

Stream with IDS

Intrusion detection on stream

Malicious stream flagged

45

Stream with Logging Disabled

Disable logging

No logs generated

46

Stream with Session Expiry

Expire session mid-stream

Stream terminated

47

Stream with Reconnection

Reconnect after drop

Stream resumes

48

Stream with Data Integrity

Verify checksum

Data integrity confirmed

49

Stream with Header Manipulation

Modify TCP headers

Stream still valid

50

Stream with Port Change

Change port mid-stream

Connection reset or re-established

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